Improving Interdisciplinary Research on Policing and Security Gabriele Bammer Abstract There are two problems with interdisciplinary research: that it is treated as a single entity, even though it comes in many different forms, and that there are no standard procedures for reporting such research. A new discipline of Integration and Implementation Sciences (I2S) could overcome these […]
Current and Emerging Threat of Terrorism in South Asia Rohan Gunaratna Abstract South Asia is the emerging epicentre of global terrorism, replacing the Middle East as the key breeding ground for terrorist operatives and supporters. Since the US-led intervention in Afghanistan nearly a decade ago, Al-Qaeda and its associated groups–notably the Taliban–have survived and revived. The […]
Local Peace Committees: Potentials Contributing Factors in the Peace-building Process in Conflict-Affected Areas of Pakistan {A Case Study of Maidan, (Lower Dir) in the Province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa} Nizar Ahmad, Farhat Ullah, Amir Zada Asad & Shagufta Shah Abstract This study aims to evaluate the key contributing factors of Local Peace Committees in peacebuilding efforts at conflict-affected areas of […]
Motivations for Pakistani Religious Extremists to Become Terrorists Raza Rahman, Khan Qazi, Shahid Ali Khattak & Shakeel Ahmad Abstract Terrorism cannot and must not be considered as a phenomenon that unfolds in isolation. In most instances terrorism is the outcome of protracted process of radicalization of some political or religious movement. Political or religious movements splinter […]
Pakhtun Cultural Values, Terrorism and the Contextual Meaning of Violence Abdul Shakoor Abstract Although violence may be a part of the Pakhtun culture but it is not causally related to terrorism. In fact the socially controlled and limited-in-scope violence in the Pakhtun society has no causal relationship with the Taliban-form of terrorism whose ideology transcends national […]
Jirga System in Pakhtun Society: An Informal Mechanism for Dispute Resolution Barakatullah Advocate & Imran Ahmad Sajid Abstract Jirga is an informal mechanism in Pakhtun society for the resolution of civil and criminal disputes. This article analysis the legal and constitutional status of jirga system in the light of case laws in Pakistan. For the said […]
The History and Development of Probation Service in Pakistan and in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Dr. Basharat Hussain Abstract Probation is the punishment most widely associated with rehabilitation and helping offenders to lead law-abiding lives. The probation system in Pakistan has a colonial origin. The Probation of Offenders Ordinance 1960 has its origin in the Criminal Procedure Code […]
Urban V. Rural: Measuring Collective Efficacy in Two Different Populations Julie Abril Abstract The concept of community collective efficacy suggests that people who share the same values will come together to solve community-level problems. In this paper, I explore the possibility that residents of a rural area may differently perceive accepted social values than people who […]
Female Police Officers and Use of Firearms in the New York City Police Department Terri Tobin Abstract The mandate for police officers in the United States to be armed while not on official duty is an area that has not been thoroughly researched. In 1981, the New York City Police Department’s (NYPD) “Carry Policy” went from […]